Call for Participation

VITA is accepting registrations to be a member of a public review VITA Consensus Body for voting to revise this standard. You do not have to be a VITA member to participate in this Consensus Body.  VITA members with active Workspace profiles should sign up in Workspace.

VITA Members can sign up for free (while logged into their account) while non-members must pay a nominal fee to participate. The response deadline to register for this consensus body is: July 21, 2025

Revision of Existing Standard

Under ANSI and VITA rules every 5 years an approved standard must be reaffirmed, revised, placed in stabilized maintenance or withdrawn. This standard has been revised; hence it has been put forth for approval of the revisions. The VITA 65.1 working group has completed the draft and has voted to take this draft through to the VITA public review approval process for eventual ANSI recognition.
Consensus body registration for voting for VITA approval of the following draft standard for the approval process is now open:

Consensus body registration for voting to approve this revised standard is now open.

DRAFT/VITA 47.3-2019 -Class 3 Requirements for Environments, Design and Construction, Safety, and Quality for VITA 47 Plug-In Modules Dot Standard

Abstract: VITA 47.3: The VITA 47 group of standards defines Environments, Design and Construction, Safety, Quality Systems, and ESS (Environmental Stress Screening) requirements for commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) Plug-In Modules intended for commercial, ground, naval, and aerospace applications. VITA 47.3 address requirements specific to high performance electronic products.

This revision enables a broader use of this standard across the COTS supplier market with added flexibility in environmental class options.  It also corrects typographical errors, adds additional requirements for conformance to improve interoperability and maintainability, and rugged design for tactical applications.

How to Apply for the Consensus Body

Currently, this consensus body needs voting members from the following interest categories in order to be able to proceed with this process. The consensus body will be vetted to ensure it meets balance, lack of dominance and openness rules. Following which a formal ballot will be sent to the consensus body for voting.

• Producer: An appropriate participant designs, develops, or manufactures products using this standard.
• User-Industrial/Commercial: An appropriate participant is using this standard in an industrial or commercial application
• User-Government/Military: An appropriate participant is a representative of a government agency using this standard in a government or military application.
• Research: An appropriate participant is involved in research or consulting that may use this standard.
• General Interest: An appropriate participant is an interested party not necessarily involved in producing, directly using, or acquiring product using this standard.

Please note that company membership in VITA is NOT a requirement to join this consensus body. This registration is open to both VITA members and non-members. You must register via this form if you wish to participate in the upcoming ballot. VITA Members can sign up for free (while logged into their account) while non-members must pay a nominal fee to participate.

In the case that you believe this standard needs a revision, please indicate so in the comments field of the registration form and be prepared to sponsor and actively participate in the revision effort. If you are selected for the consensus body, you may provide minor editorial comments during the balloting.

Please register ONLY IF you intend to vote. The ballot will be voided if we do not get enough returned votes.

The VITA policies and ANSI Function can be found on our governance page at http://www.vita.com/Governance.

VITA is accepting registrations to be a member of a public review VITA Consensus Body for voting to revise this standard. You do not have to be a VITA member to participate in this Consensus Body.  VITA members with active Workspace profiles should sign up in Workspace.

VITA Members can sign up for free (while logged into their account) while non-members must pay a nominal fee to participate. The response deadline to register for this consensus body is: July 21, 2025

Revision of Existing Standard

Under ANSI and VITA rules every 5 years an approved standard must be reaffirmed, revised, placed in stabilized maintenance or withdrawn. This standard has been revised; hence it has been put forth for approval of the revisions. The VITA 65.1 working group has completed the draft and has voted to take this draft through to the VITA public review approval process for eventual ANSI recognition.
Consensus body registration for voting for VITA approval of the following draft standard for the approval process is now open:

Consensus body registration for voting to approve this revised standard is now open.

DRAFT/VITA 47.2-2019 - Class 2 Requirements for Environments, Design and Construction, Safety, and Quality for VITA 47 Plug-In Modules Dot Standard

Abstract: VITA 47.2: The VITA 47 group of standards defines Environments, Design and Construction, Safety, Quality Systems, and ESS (Environmental Stress Screening) requirements for commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) Plug-In Modules intended for commercial, ground, naval, and aerospace applications. VITA 47.2 address requirements specific to dedicated service electronic products.

This revision enables a broader use of this standard across the COTS supplier market with added flexibility in environmental class options.  It also corrects typographical errors, adds additional requirements for conformance to improve interoperability and maintainability, and rugged design for tactical applications.

How to Apply for the Consensus Body

Currently, this consensus body needs voting members from the following interest categories in order to be able to proceed with this process. The consensus body will be vetted to ensure it meets balance, lack of dominance and openness rules. Following which a formal ballot will be sent to the consensus body for voting.

• Producer: An appropriate participant designs, develops, or manufactures products using this standard.
• User-Industrial/Commercial: An appropriate participant is using this standard in an industrial or commercial application
• User-Government/Military: An appropriate participant is a representative of a government agency using this standard in a government or military application.
• Research: An appropriate participant is involved in research or consulting that may use this standard.
• General Interest: An appropriate participant is an interested party not necessarily involved in producing, directly using, or acquiring product using this standard.

Please note that company membership in VITA is NOT a requirement to join this consensus body. This registration is open to both VITA members and non-members. You must register via this form if you wish to participate in the upcoming ballot. VITA Members can sign up for free (while logged into their account) while non-members must pay a nominal fee to participate.

In the case that you believe this standard needs a revision, please indicate so in the comments field of the registration form and be prepared to sponsor and actively participate in the revision effort. If you are selected for the consensus body, you may provide minor editorial comments during the balloting.

Please register ONLY IF you intend to vote. The ballot will be voided if we do not get enough returned votes.

The VITA policies and ANSI Function can be found on our governance page at http://www.vita.com/Governance.

VITA is accepting registrations to be a member of a public review VITA Consensus Body for voting to revise this standard. You do not have to be a VITA member to participate in this Consensus Body.  VITA members with active Workspace profiles should sign up in Workspace.

VITA Members can sign up for free (while logged into their account) while non-members must pay a nominal fee to participate. The response deadline to register for this consensus body is: July 21, 2025

Revision of Existing Standard

Under ANSI and VITA rules every 5 years an approved standard must be reaffirmed, revised, placed in stabilized maintenance or withdrawn. This standard has been revised; hence it has been put forth for approval of the revisions. The VITA 65.1 working group has completed the draft and has voted to take this draft through to the VITA public review approval process for eventual ANSI recognition.
Consensus body registration for voting for VITA approval of the following draft standard for the approval process is now open:

Consensus body registration for voting to approve this revised standard is now open.

DRAFT/VITA 67.3-2023 - Coaxial Interconnect on VPX, Spring-Loaded Contact on Backplane

Abstract: This document describes an open standard of configuration and interconnect with the structure of VITA 67.0 enabling an interface compatible with VITA 46 containing multi-position blind mate analog connectors with coaxial contacts, having fixed contacts on the Plug-In Module and spring action on the backplane.  This revision adds SMPS Gen2 contact interfaces to support additional radial alignment.

How to Apply for the Consensus Body

Currently, this consensus body needs voting members from the following interest categories in order to be able to proceed with this process. The consensus body will be vetted to ensure it meets balance, lack of dominance and openness rules. Following which a formal ballot will be sent to the consensus body for voting.

• Producer: An appropriate participant designs, develops, or manufactures products using this standard.
• User-Industrial/Commercial: An appropriate participant is using this standard in an industrial or commercial application
• User-Government/Military: An appropriate participant is a representative of a government agency using this standard in a government or military application.
• Research: An appropriate participant is involved in research or consulting that may use this standard.
• General Interest: An appropriate participant is an interested party not necessarily involved in producing, directly using, or acquiring product using this standard.

Please note that company membership in VITA is NOT a requirement to join this consensus body. This registration is open to both VITA members and non-members. You must register via this form if you wish to participate in the upcoming ballot. VITA Members can sign up for free (while logged into their account) while non-members must pay a nominal fee to participate.

In the case that you believe this standard needs a revision, please indicate so in the comments field of the registration form and be prepared to sponsor and actively participate in the revision effort. If you are selected for the consensus body, you may provide minor editorial comments during the balloting.

Please register ONLY IF you intend to vote. The ballot will be voided if we do not get enough returned votes.

The VITA policies and ANSI Function can be found on our governance page at http://www.vita.com/Governance.

VITA is accepting registrations to be a member of a public review VITA Consensus Body for voting to approve this new standard. You do not have to be a VITA member to participate in this Consensus Body.  VITA members with active Workspace profiles should sign up in Workspace.

VITA Members can sign up for free (while logged into their account) while non-members must pay a nominal fee to participate. The response deadline to register for this consensus body is: May 26, 2025

Approval of new VITA Standard

The VITA 93.0 working group has completed the draft and has voted to take this draft through to the VITA public review approval process for eventual ANSI recognition.

Consensus body registration for voting for VITA approval of the following draft standard for the approval process is now open:

VITA 93.0, QMC – Small Form Factor Mezzanine Draft Standard

Abstract: This standard, referred to as QMC, defines a Small Form Factor mezzanine that is significantly smaller than XMC with both a host Carrier and I/O interface connectors.  The QMC Carrier interface supports modern high-speed serial fabrics, such as PCI express.  Multiple modules can be installed on various carrier card form factors including 3U/6U Eurocards (VPX, cPCI, VME, etc.), VNX+, PCIe expansion cards, and others. It is suitable for deployment in commercial, industrial, space, or military-grade rugged environments with Air Cooled or Conduction Cooled formats.

How to Apply for the Consensus Body

Currently, this consensus body needs voting members from the following interest categories in order to be able to proceed with this process. The consensus body will be vetted to ensure it meets balance, lack of dominance and openness rules. Following which a formal ballot will be sent to the consensus body for voting.

• Producer: An appropriate participant designs, develops, or manufactures products using this standard.
• User-Industrial/Commercial: An appropriate participant is using this standard in an industrial or commercial application
• User-Government/Military: An appropriate participant is a representative of a government agency using this standard in a government or military application.
• Research: An appropriate participant is involved in research or consulting that may use this standard.
• General Interest: An appropriate participant is an interested party not necessarily involved in producing, directly using, or acquiring product using this standard.

Please note that company membership in VITA is NOT a requirement to join this consensus body. You do not need to do anything to be left off the roster. This registration is open to both VITA members and non-members. You must register via this form if you wish to participate in the upcoming ballot. VITA Members can sign up for free (while logged into their account) while non-members must pay a nominal fee to participate. Feel free to contact non-members who may have an interest in this standard. Non-members should contact admin@vita.com for login credentials.  This solicitation will be open for 14 days. The roster will be vetted to ensure it meets balance, lack of dominance and openness rules. Following which a formal ballot will be sent to the roster for voting.

Please register ONLY IF you intend to vote. The ballot will be voided if we do not get enough returned votes.

The VITA policies and ANSI Function can be found on our governance page at http://www.vita.com/Governance.

VITA is accepting registrations to be a member of a public review VITA Consensus Body for voting to reaffirm this standard. You do not have to be a VITA member to participate in this Consensus Body.  VITA members with active Workspace profiles should sign up in Workspace.

VITA Members can sign up for free (while logged into their account) while non-members must pay a nominal fee to participate. The response deadline to register for this consensus body is: February 19, 2025

Reaffirmation of Approved Standard

Under ANSI/VITA rules, every 5 years an approved standard must be reaffirmed, revised, or withdrawn.  The VSO by ballot feels that the following standard continues to be relevant to our community and is free from significant errors. Therefore, the VSO by ballot has recommended that this standard be reaffirmed.

Consensus body registration for voting on ANSI reaffirmation of this standard is now open.

ANSI/VITA 47.0-2019 Construction, Safety, and Quality for Plug-In Modules Standard
Abstract: The VITA 47 group of standards defines environmental, design and construction, safety, and quality requirements for commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) Plug-In Modules intended for ground and aerospace applications.

How to Apply for the Consensus Body

Currently, this consensus body needs voting members from the following interest categories in order to be able to proceed with this process. The consensus body will be vetted to ensure it meets balance, lack of dominance and openness rules. Following which a formal ballot will be sent to the consensus body for voting.

• Producer: An appropriate participant designs, develops, or manufactures products using this standard.
• User-Industrial/Commercial: An appropriate participant is using this standard in an industrial or commercial application
• User-Government/Military: An appropriate participant is a representative of a government agency using this standard in a government or military application.
• Research: An appropriate participant is involved in research or consulting that may use this standard.
• General Interest: An appropriate participant is an interested party not necessarily involved in producing, directly using, or acquiring product using this standard.

Please note that company membership in VITA is NOT a requirement to join this consensus body. This registration is open to both VITA members and non-members. You must register via this form if you wish to participate in the upcoming ballot. VITA Members can sign up for free (while logged into their account) while non-members must pay a nominal fee to participate.

In the case that you believe this standard needs a revision, please indicate so in the comments field of the registration form and be prepared to sponsor and actively participate in the revision effort. If you are selected for the consensus body, you may provide minor editorial comments during the balloting.

Please register ONLY IF you intend to vote.

The VITA policies and ANSI Function can be found on our governance page at http://www.vita.com/Governance.

VITA is accepting registrations to be a member of a public review VITA Consensus Body for voting to reaffirm this standard. You do not have to be a VITA member to participate in this Consensus Body.  VITA members with active Workspace profiles should sign up in Workspace.

VITA Members can sign up for free (while logged into their account) while non-members must pay a nominal fee to participate. The response deadline to register for this consensus body is: February 19, 2025

Reaffirmation of Approved Standard

Under ANSI/VITA rules, every 5 years an approved standard must be reaffirmed, revised, or withdrawn.  The VSO by ballot feels that the following standard continues to be relevant to our community and is free from significant errors. Therefore, the VSO by ballot has recommended that this standard be reaffirmed.

Consensus body registration for voting on ANSI reaffirmation of this standard is now open.

ANSI/VITA 67.1-2019 Coaxial Interconnect on VPX, 4 Position SMPM Configuration
Abstract: This standard details the configuration and interconnect within the structure of VITA 67.0 enabling a VITA 46 interface containing multi-position blind mate analog connectors with up to 4 SMPM contacts.

How to Apply for the Consensus Body

Currently, this consensus body needs voting members from the following interest categories in order to be able to proceed with this process. The consensus body will be vetted to ensure it meets balance, lack of dominance and openness rules. Following which a formal ballot will be sent to the consensus body for voting.

• Producer: An appropriate participant designs, develops, or manufactures products using this standard.
• User-Industrial/Commercial: An appropriate participant is using this standard in an industrial or commercial application
• User-Government/Military: An appropriate participant is a representative of a government agency using this standard in a government or military application.
• Research: An appropriate participant is involved in research or consulting that may use this standard.
• General Interest: An appropriate participant is an interested party not necessarily involved in producing, directly using, or acquiring product using this standard.

Please note that company membership in VITA is NOT a requirement to join this consensus body. This registration is open to both VITA members and non-members. You must register via this form if you wish to participate in the upcoming ballot. VITA Members can sign up for free (while logged into their account) while non-members must pay a nominal fee to participate.

In the case that you believe this standard needs a revision, please indicate so in the comments field of the registration form and be prepared to sponsor and actively participate in the revision effort. If you are selected for the consensus body, you may provide minor editorial comments during the balloting.

Please register ONLY IF you intend to vote.

The VITA policies and ANSI Function can be found on our governance page at http://www.vita.com/Governance.

VITA is accepting registrations to be a member of a public review VITA Consensus Body for voting to reaffirm this standard. You do not have to be a VITA member to participate in this Consensus Body.  VITA members with active Workspace profiles should sign up in Workspace.

VITA Members can sign up for free (while logged into their account) while non-members must pay a nominal fee to participate. The response deadline to register for this consensus body is: February 19, 2025

Reaffirmation of Approved Standard

Under ANSI/VITA rules, every 5 years an approved standard must be reaffirmed, revised, or withdrawn.  The VSO by ballot feels that the following standard continues to be relevant to our community and is free from significant errors. Therefore, the VSO by ballot has recommended that this standard be reaffirmed.

Consensus body registration for voting on ANSI reaffirmation of this standard is now open.

ANSI/VITA 67.0-2019 Coaxial Interconnect on VPX – Base Standard
Abstract: This standard establishes a structure for implementing blind mate analog coaxial interconnects with VPX backplanes and plug-in modules, and to define a specific family of interconnects and configurations within that structure.

How to Apply for the Consensus Body

Currently, this consensus body needs voting members from the following interest categories in order to be able to proceed with this process. The consensus body will be vetted to ensure it meets balance, lack of dominance and openness rules. Following which a formal ballot will be sent to the consensus body for voting.

• Producer: An appropriate participant designs, develops, or manufactures products using this standard.
• User-Industrial/Commercial: An appropriate participant is using this standard in an industrial or commercial application
• User-Government/Military: An appropriate participant is a representative of a government agency using this standard in a government or military application.
• Research: An appropriate participant is involved in research or consulting that may use this standard.
• General Interest: An appropriate participant is an interested party not necessarily involved in producing, directly using, or acquiring product using this standard.

Please note that company membership in VITA is NOT a requirement to join this consensus body. This registration is open to both VITA members and non-members. You must register via this form if you wish to participate in the upcoming ballot. VITA Members can sign up for free (while logged into their account) while non-members must pay a nominal fee to participate.

In the case that you believe this standard needs a revision, please indicate so in the comments field of the registration form and be prepared to sponsor and actively participate in the revision effort. If you are selected for the consensus body, you may provide minor editorial comments during the balloting.

Please register ONLY IF you intend to vote.

The VITA policies and ANSI Function can be found on our governance page at http://www.vita.com/Governance.

VITA is accepting registrations to be a member of a public review VITA Consensus Body for voting to reaffirm this standard. You do not have to be a VITA member to participate in this Consensus Body.  VITA members with active Workspace profiles should sign up in Workspace.

VITA Members can sign up for free (while logged into their account) while non-members must pay a nominal fee to participate. The response deadline to register for this consensus body is: March 10, 2025

Reaffirmation of Approved Standard

Under ANSI/VITA rules, every 5 years an approved standard must be reaffirmed, revised, or withdrawn.  The VSO by ballot feels that the following standard continues to be relevant to our community and is free from significant errors. Therefore, the VSO by ballot has recommended that this standard be reaffirmed.

Consensus body registration for voting on ANSI reaffirmation of this standard is now open.

ANSI/VITA 40-2020 - Service and Status Indicator Standard
Abstract: This standard defines the colors, behaviors, placement, and labeling of service and status indicator lamps for boards, field replaceable units, and enclosures.

How to Apply for the Consensus Body

Currently, this consensus body needs voting members from the following interest categories in order to be able to proceed with this process. The consensus body will be vetted to ensure it meets balance, lack of dominance and openness rules. Following which a formal ballot will be sent to the consensus body for voting.

• Producer: An appropriate participant designs, develops, or manufactures products using this standard.
• User-Industrial/Commercial: An appropriate participant is using this standard in an industrial or commercial application
• User-Government/Military: An appropriate participant is a representative of a government agency using this standard in a government or military application.
• Research: An appropriate participant is involved in research or consulting that may use this standard.
• General Interest: An appropriate participant is an interested party not necessarily involved in producing, directly using, or acquiring product using this standard.

Please note that company membership in VITA is NOT a requirement to join this consensus body. This registration is open to both VITA members and non-members. You must register via this form if you wish to participate in the upcoming ballot. VITA Members can sign up for free (while logged into their account) while non-members must pay a nominal fee to participate.

In the case that you believe this standard needs a revision, please indicate so in the comments field of the registration form and be prepared to sponsor and actively participate in the revision effort. If you are selected for the consensus body, you may provide minor editorial comments during the balloting.

Please register ONLY IF you intend to vote.

The VITA policies and ANSI Function can be found on our governance page at http://www.vita.com/Governance.

VITA is accepting registrations to be a member of a public review VITA Consensus Body for voting to revise this standard. You do not have to be a VITA member to participate in this Consensus Body.  VITA members with active Workspace profiles should sign up in Workspace.

VITA Members can sign up for free (while logged into their account) while non-members must pay a nominal fee to participate. The response deadline to register for this consensus body is: December 9, 2024

Revision of Existing Standard

Under ANSI and VITA rules every 5 years an approved standard must be reaffirmed, revised, placed in stabilized maintenance or withdrawn. This standard has been revised; hence it has been put forth for approval of the revisions. The VITA 65.1 working group has completed the draft and has voted to take this draft through to the VITA public review approval process for eventual ANSI recognition.
Consensus body registration for voting for VITA approval of the following draft standard for the approval process is now open:

Consensus body registration for voting to approve this revised standard is now open.

DRAFT/VITA VITA 65.1 - OpenVPX System Standard Profile Tables

Abstract: This standard documents variations of Slot, Backplane, and Modules Profiles. As part of the Slot Profile Description, there are also some Connector Modules defined. This document is primarily tables which are referenced by VITA 65.0. This revision adds Connector Modules and Slot Profile dash options to support the new Optical Profiles as well as some other additions.

How to Apply for the Consensus Body

Currently, this consensus body needs voting members from the following interest categories in order to be able to proceed with this process. The consensus body will be vetted to ensure it meets balance, lack of dominance and openness rules. Following which a formal ballot will be sent to the consensus body for voting.

• Producer: An appropriate participant designs, develops, or manufactures products using this standard.
• User-Industrial/Commercial: An appropriate participant is using this standard in an industrial or commercial application
• User-Government/Military: An appropriate participant is a representative of a government agency using this standard in a government or military application.
• Research: An appropriate participant is involved in research or consulting that may use this standard.
• General Interest: An appropriate participant is an interested party not necessarily involved in producing, directly using, or acquiring product using this standard.

Please note that company membership in VITA is NOT a requirement to join this consensus body. This registration is open to both VITA members and non-members. You must register via this form if you wish to participate in the upcoming ballot. VITA Members can sign up for free (while logged into their account) while non-members must pay a nominal fee to participate.

In the case that you believe this standard needs a revision, please indicate so in the comments field of the registration form and be prepared to sponsor and actively participate in the revision effort. If you are selected for the consensus body, you may provide minor editorial comments during the balloting.

Please register ONLY IF you intend to vote. The ballot will be voided if we do not get enough returned votes.

The VITA policies and ANSI Function can be found on our governance page at http://www.vita.com/Governance.

VITA is accepting registrations to be a member of a public review VITA Consensus Body for voting to revise this standard. You do not have to be a VITA member to participate in this Consensus Body.  VITA members with active Workspace profiles should sign up in Workspace.

VITA Members can sign up for free (while logged into their account) while non-members must pay a nominal fee to participate. The response deadline to register for this consensus body is: December 9, 2024

Revision of Existing Standard

Under ANSI and VITA rules every 5 years an approved standard must be reaffirmed, revised, placed in stabilized maintenance or withdrawn. This standard has been revised; hence it has been put forth for approval of the revisions. The VITA 65.0 working group has completed the draft and has voted to take this draft through to the VITA public review approval process for eventual ANSI recognition.
Consensus body registration for voting for VITA approval of the following draft standard for the approval process is now open:

Consensus body registration for voting to approve this revised standard is now open.

DRAFT/VITA VITA 65.0 - OpenVPX System Standard

Abstract: The OpenVPX System Standard was created to bring versatile system architectural solutions to the VPX market. Based on the extremely flexible VPX family of standards, the OpenVPX standard uses Plug-In Module mechanical, connectors, thermal, communications protocols, utility, and power definitions provided by specific VITA standards to define a series of Slot, Backplane, Module, and Standard Development Chassis Profiles.

How to Apply for the Consensus Body

Currently, this consensus body needs voting members from the following interest categories in order to be able to proceed with this process. The consensus body will be vetted to ensure it meets balance, lack of dominance and openness rules. Following which a formal ballot will be sent to the consensus body for voting.

• Producer: An appropriate participant designs, develops, or manufactures products using this standard.
• User-Industrial/Commercial: An appropriate participant is using this standard in an industrial or commercial application
• User-Government/Military: An appropriate participant is a representative of a government agency using this standard in a government or military application.
• Research: An appropriate participant is involved in research or consulting that may use this standard.
• General Interest: An appropriate participant is an interested party not necessarily involved in producing, directly using, or acquiring product using this standard.

Please note that company membership in VITA is NOT a requirement to join this consensus body. This registration is open to both VITA members and non-members. You must register via this form if you wish to participate in the upcoming ballot. VITA Members can sign up for free (while logged into their account) while non-members must pay a nominal fee to participate.

In the case that you believe this standard needs a revision, please indicate so in the comments field of the registration form and be prepared to sponsor and actively participate in the revision effort. If you are selected for the consensus body, you may provide minor editorial comments during the balloting.

Please register ONLY IF you intend to vote. The ballot will be voided if we do not get enough returned votes.

The VITA policies and ANSI Function can be found on our governance page at http://www.vita.com/Governance.